Il corso, a partire dall’acquisizione di solide basi teoriche relative ai livelli di organizzazione strutturale della materia alle diverse scale e loro dipendenza dalle variabili termodinamiche descrittive, si propone di dotare lo studente di una cultura tecnico-scientifica sui materiali per applicazioni aeronautiche, comprendendo le correlazioni fra nanostruttura-microstruttura-processo-proprietà-prestazioni al fine di fornire basi per la progettazione delle infrastrutture e dei dispositivi stessi con vecchi e nuovi materiali.
scheda docente
materiale didattico
- Historical background, evolution of materials, an internal look at their structure, and an overview of transformations
- Properties and performance of components
Basic Properties and Elastic Behavior
- Intrinsic properties
- Extrinsic properties
- Mechanical stress systems: rigid body, deformable body, continuum mechanics; linear elasticity, Hooke's law, elastic behavior of isotropic solids
Composition and Structure of Matter at Different Dimensional Scales
- Composition: molecules, chemical bonding, Condon-Morse curves; ionic materials, molecular materials
- Thermodynamic origin of elasticity
- Structures: amorphous and crystalline, Bravais lattices, and Miller indices
- Defects in crystalline solids: point, line, and surface defects
Mechanical Behavior of Materials
- Influence of T (temperature) and t (time) on mechanical behavior depending on the nature of the material
- Static tensile stresses at low T: stress-strain curve (elastic field, plastic field, critical points)
- Mechanical properties: ductility, hardness, brittleness, resilience, and toughness (property measurement techniques)
- Fracture mechanics: Griffith's energy theory, stress intensity factor, fracture toughness
- Dynamic stresses: fatigue, Wohler curve, Paris-Erdogan law
Single-Phase and Multi-Phase Systems
- Thermodynamics of systems: thermodynamics of condensed states, basic concepts, first law, second law, equilibrium conditions, non-equilibrium states, combined first and second laws, characteristic state functions
- Solid-state solubility: cooling curves of single-component systems, aggregation state, Hume-Rothery rules, solid solutions, phases
- Solubility dependence on composition, temperature, and pressure: Gibbs rule and lever rule, Gibbs energy, Gibbs curves, phase equilibria in binary systems
- Solid-state phase transformations: diffusion mechanisms, activation energy, and Fick’s laws
- Solidification kinetics and microstructures: nucleation and growth, key thermodynamic transformations, microstructures
Introduction to the Main Classes of Metallic Materials
- Iron-based alloys: classification of steels and cast irons, main phase diagrams, classification of specific heat treatments; special steels, stainless steels, and applications
- Titanium alloys: properties, processes – applications
- Aluminum alloys: properties, processes – applications
- Superalloys: properties, processes – applications
Introduction to the Main Classes of Non-Metallic Materials
- Polymers and polymer matrix composites: properties, processes, applications
- Ceramics: properties, processes, an introduction to Weibull statistics – applications
Recap, Complements, In-Depth Topics, and Numerical Exercises for Each Subject
- Materials Science and Engineering
Publisher: Wiley
Vincenzo Casciaro and Carlo Mapelli
- Science and Technology of Metallic Materials
Publisher: CittàStudi Edizioni
Lucio Vergani, Maurizio Carboni
- Exercises in Materials Science and Technology
Publisher: Esculapio
Slides shown during lectures: available as PDFs on Moodle
Lecture notes: available online on the group's Teams site
Programma
Introduction to the World of Materials- Historical background, evolution of materials, an internal look at their structure, and an overview of transformations
- Properties and performance of components
Basic Properties and Elastic Behavior
- Intrinsic properties
- Extrinsic properties
- Mechanical stress systems: rigid body, deformable body, continuum mechanics; linear elasticity, Hooke's law, elastic behavior of isotropic solids
Composition and Structure of Matter at Different Dimensional Scales
- Composition: molecules, chemical bonding, Condon-Morse curves; ionic materials, molecular materials
- Thermodynamic origin of elasticity
- Structures: amorphous and crystalline, Bravais lattices, and Miller indices
- Defects in crystalline solids: point, line, and surface defects
Mechanical Behavior of Materials
- Influence of T (temperature) and t (time) on mechanical behavior depending on the nature of the material
- Static tensile stresses at low T: stress-strain curve (elastic field, plastic field, critical points)
- Mechanical properties: ductility, hardness, brittleness, resilience, and toughness (property measurement techniques)
- Fracture mechanics: Griffith's energy theory, stress intensity factor, fracture toughness
- Dynamic stresses: fatigue, Wohler curve, Paris-Erdogan law
Single-Phase and Multi-Phase Systems
- Thermodynamics of systems: thermodynamics of condensed states, basic concepts, first law, second law, equilibrium conditions, non-equilibrium states, combined first and second laws, characteristic state functions
- Solid-state solubility: cooling curves of single-component systems, aggregation state, Hume-Rothery rules, solid solutions, phases
- Solubility dependence on composition, temperature, and pressure: Gibbs rule and lever rule, Gibbs energy, Gibbs curves, phase equilibria in binary systems
- Solid-state phase transformations: diffusion mechanisms, activation energy, and Fick’s laws
- Solidification kinetics and microstructures: nucleation and growth, key thermodynamic transformations, microstructures
Introduction to the Main Classes of Metallic Materials
- Iron-based alloys: classification of steels and cast irons, main phase diagrams, classification of specific heat treatments; special steels, stainless steels, and applications
- Titanium alloys: properties, processes – applications
- Aluminum alloys: properties, processes – applications
- Superalloys: properties, processes – applications
Introduction to the Main Classes of Non-Metallic Materials
- Polymers and polymer matrix composites: properties, processes, applications
- Ceramics: properties, processes, an introduction to Weibull statistics – applications
Recap, Complements, In-Depth Topics, and Numerical Exercises for Each Subject
Testi Adottati
W.D. Callister, Jr. and D.G. Rethwisch- Materials Science and Engineering
Publisher: Wiley
Vincenzo Casciaro and Carlo Mapelli
- Science and Technology of Metallic Materials
Publisher: CittàStudi Edizioni
Lucio Vergani, Maurizio Carboni
- Exercises in Materials Science and Technology
Publisher: Esculapio
Slides shown during lectures: available as PDFs on Moodle
Lecture notes: available online on the group's Teams site
Modalità Erogazione
The course is delivered through face-to-face teaching, with lessons lasting two hours each. It includes in-person exercises, online exercises via the Moodle platform, and in-class Q&A sessions. Additionally, the course features seminars and guided laboratory visits to complement theoretical knowledge with practical experience.Modalità Frequenza
Attendance to the course is optional but strongly recommended to ensure a thorough understanding of the topics covered and to fully benefit from the practical exercises, in-class Q&A sessions, seminars, and laboratory visits. Lectures and practical activities are conducted in person, supported by educational materials provided through the Moodle platform to complement the learning experience.Modalità Valutazione
The exam consists of a written part to be completed through the Moodle platform and an oral exam.