20810098-1 - GEOMETRY AND COMBINATORICS

The course aims to provide an introduction to those aspects of linear and discrete mathematics needed in science and engineering.

Curriculum

Canali

scheda docente | materiale didattico

Programma

Elements of set theory. Maps between sets: invective, surjective, bijective maps.
Elements of propositional logic, truth tables. Equivalence and order relations.
Combinatorics. Binomial coefficients and binomial theorem. Permutations. The Integers: divisibility, GCD and Euclidean algorithm, Bézout identity, linear congruences.
Baiscs of algebraic structures: permutation groups, abstract groups, polynomials and finite fields.
Elements of graph theory.Lattices and Boolean algebras

Testi Adottati

Giulia Maria Piacentini Cattaneo
Matematica discreta e applicazioni
Zanichelli 2008

Bibliografia Di Riferimento

none

Modalità Erogazione

lectures

Modalità Frequenza

recommended attendance

Modalità Valutazione

written test

scheda docente | materiale didattico

Programma

Basics of set theory. Union, intersection, Cartesian product,
difference, complement. Set of parts of a finite whole, and its
cardinality.

Elements of logic: propositional calculus. Negation operations,
conjunction, disjunction, XOR, logical implication, double implication.
Truth tables. Logical equivalence. Tautologies and contradictions. hints
on predicates. Universal and existential quantifier.

Applications between sets. Domain, co-domain, image, counter-image.
Injective, surjective, bijective applications. Reverse application.
Operating product between applications. Identity. The set of applications
between two finite sets and its cardinality. Permutations.

Relations. Reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric, transitive property:
order and equivalence relation. Examples of relationships. Partially together
ordered. Equivalence relations, equivalence classes, set
quotient.

Integers: divisibility and its properties. Division with the remainder. Maximum
common divider. Euclid's algorithm. Identity of Bézout, algorithm
extended Euclid's. Diophantine equations. Application of the algorithm
Euclid looking for integer solutions for the equation ax + by = c. Numbers
first. Fundamental theorem of arithmetic and Euclid's theorem.

Consistency form no. The set Z/nZ of the remainder classes modulo n. Sum and
multiplication in Z/nZ. Linear congruences. Condition for resolvability.
Description of the solutions of linear congruences. Congruence systems
and the Chinese remainder theorem. Invertible elements in Z/nZ. Euler's φ function.
Fermat's little theorem, Euler-Fermat theorem.

Combinatorics: Arrangements and combinations without repetitions, coefficients
binomials. Properties of binomial coefficients, Development of the binomial.
Arrangements and combinations with repetitions, Tartaglia triangle.

Partially ordered sets, Hasse diagrams. maximum and minimum,
maximal and minimal elements, higher and lower, upper and lower.
lattices. Properties of inf and sup in a lattice. Algebraic lattices. lattices
limited, complementary, distributive. Boolean algebras.



Testi Adottati


Piacentini Cattaneo, Matematica discreta. Zanichelli.
Delizia-Longobardi-Maj-Nicotera, Matematica Discreta, McGraw Hill.
Procesi-Rota, Elementi di algebra e matematica discreta. Accademica.

Modalità Valutazione

two hours written exam with theorical and partical problems

Canali

scheda docente | materiale didattico

Programma

Elements of set theory. Maps between sets: invective, surjective, bijective maps.
Elements of propositional logic, truth tables. Equivalence and order relations.
Combinatorics. Binomial coefficients and binomial theorem. Permutations. The Integers: divisibility, GCD and Euclidean algorithm, Bézout identity, linear congruences.
Baiscs of algebraic structures: permutation groups, abstract groups, polynomials and finite fields.
Elements of graph theory.Lattices and Boolean algebras

Testi Adottati

Giulia Maria Piacentini Cattaneo
Matematica discreta e applicazioni
Zanichelli 2008

Bibliografia Di Riferimento

none

Modalità Erogazione

lectures

Modalità Frequenza

recommended attendance

Modalità Valutazione

written test

scheda docente | materiale didattico

Programma

Basics of set theory. Union, intersection, Cartesian product,
difference, complement. Set of parts of a finite whole, and its
cardinality.

Elements of logic: propositional calculus. Negation operations,
conjunction, disjunction, XOR, logical implication, double implication.
Truth tables. Logical equivalence. Tautologies and contradictions. hints
on predicates. Universal and existential quantifier.

Applications between sets. Domain, co-domain, image, counter-image.
Injective, surjective, bijective applications. Reverse application.
Operating product between applications. Identity. The set of applications
between two finite sets and its cardinality. Permutations.

Relations. Reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric, transitive property:
order and equivalence relation. Examples of relationships. Partially together
ordered. Equivalence relations, equivalence classes, set
quotient.

Integers: divisibility and its properties. Division with the remainder. Maximum
common divider. Euclid's algorithm. Identity of Bézout, algorithm
extended Euclid's. Diophantine equations. Application of the algorithm
Euclid looking for integer solutions for the equation ax + by = c. Numbers
first. Fundamental theorem of arithmetic and Euclid's theorem.

Consistency form no. The set Z/nZ of the remainder classes modulo n. Sum and
multiplication in Z/nZ. Linear congruences. Condition for resolvability.
Description of the solutions of linear congruences. Congruence systems
and the Chinese remainder theorem. Invertible elements in Z/nZ. Euler's φ function.
Fermat's little theorem, Euler-Fermat theorem.

Combinatorics: Arrangements and combinations without repetitions, coefficients
binomials. Properties of binomial coefficients, Development of the binomial.
Arrangements and combinations with repetitions, Tartaglia triangle.

Partially ordered sets, Hasse diagrams. maximum and minimum,
maximal and minimal elements, higher and lower, upper and lower.
lattices. Properties of inf and sup in a lattice. Algebraic lattices. lattices
limited, complementary, distributive. Boolean algebras.



Testi Adottati


Piacentini Cattaneo, Matematica discreta. Zanichelli.
Delizia-Longobardi-Maj-Nicotera, Matematica Discreta, McGraw Hill.
Procesi-Rota, Elementi di algebra e matematica discreta. Accademica.

Modalità Valutazione

two hours written exam with theorical and partical problems